Fruit Choice and Seed Dispersal of Invasive vs. Non invasive Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California / Vilà Montserrat in Ecology, vol. 79, n°3 (Année 1998)

Public [article]  inEcology > vol. 79, n°3 (Année 1998) . - pp. 1053-1060 Titre : Fruit Choice and Seed Dispersal of Invasive vs. Non invasive Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California Type de document : Livre Auteurs : Vilà Montserrat, Auteur ; Carla M. D'Antonio, Auteur Année de publication : 1998 Article en page(s) : pp. 1053-1060 Langues : Anglais Catégories : [Espèces (in biblio)] Carpobrotus edulis Mots-clés : plante exotique envahissante  hybridation  herbivorie  fruit  Dispersion de graine Résumé : "Natural hybridization between previously allopatric plant species can produce highly successful lineages. However, the ecological processes controlling the spread of hybrid genotypes have rarely been studied in the field. We compared fruit characteristics, fruit preference, and seed dispersal by native frugivores among the non-indigenous succulent Carpobrotus edulis, the putative native congener C. chilensis, and the hybrids resulting from introgressive hybridization. In this system, the non-native C. edulis and hybrids are known to be very successful invaders of California coastal plant communities. Carpobrotus edulis and hybrids produced more fruits per clone than C. chilensis, primarily as a consequence of larger clone size. Clone size and energy content of fruits were good predictors of fruit removal. Marked fruits of C. edulis and hybrids were removed faster than those of the other morphotypes, and C. edulis fruits were preferred over those of C. chilensis in a fruit transplant experiment. However, total fruit removal by the end of the growing season was very high for all morphotypes. Scats from black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), the most common frugivores in our sites, contained more seeds from C. edulis and hybrid morphotypes than from C. chilensis, and more than would be expected based on relative fruit abundance. Germination of seeds from C. edulis and hybrids was enhanced after gut passage, whereas germination of C. chilensis decreased after gut passage, compared to seed germination from intact fruits. The results suggest that patterns of fruit preference by native frugivores and seed survival after gut passage facilitate the successful spread of an aggressive introduced species and hybrids in contrast to the less aggressive, apparently native congener." (source : auteurs) Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Montserrat V., D'Antonio C., 1998 - Fruit Choice and Seed Dispersal of Invasive vs. Non invasive Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California. Ecology, 79 (3) : 1053-1060. ID PMB : 71061 DOI : 10.2307/176600 Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=71061 [article]

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Hybrid Vigor for Clonal Growth in Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California / Vilà Montserrat in Ecological Applications, vol. 8, n°4 (Année 1998)

Public [article]  inEcological Applications > vol. 8, n°4 (Année 1998) . - pp. 1196-1205 Titre : Hybrid Vigor for Clonal Growth in Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California Type de document : Livre Auteurs : Vilà Montserrat, Auteur ; Carla M. D'Antonio, Auteur Année de publication : 1998 Article en page(s) : pp. 1196-1205 Langues : Anglais Catégories : [ZG] États-Unis [habitats/milieux] 1 - Habitats littoraux et halophile [Espèces (in biblio)] Carpobrotus edulis [Thèmes] Mammifère [Thèmes] Pâturage Mots-clés : plante exotique envahissante  invasion biologique  hybridation  herbivorie Résumé : "One of the consequences of the human-caused movement of plant species around the globe is hybridization between previously allopatric species. Introgressive hybridization between the non-native, invasive perennial succulent Carpobrotus edulis and the putative native, non-invasive C. chilensis is occurring throughout coastal California, leading to a high abundance of aggressive hybrid morphotypes and the loss of open space for native species establishment and growth. We test the hypothesis that hybrid vigor for vegetative growth and resistance to herbivory contributes to successful invasion by hybrid morphotypes. We compared survival and vegetative growth of transplanted cuttings of three morphotypes (parental species and hybrids) in three habitats in a factorial watering and caging experiment. Overall Carpobrotus growth was both water and herbivore limited. Hybrids displayed higher growth than either parental species. Hybrids always had higher survival in response to herbivory than C. chilensis, but survived better than C. edulis only in the bluff scrub. Growth of hybrids was higher than C. chilensis in the backdune and grassland but only higher than C. edulis in the backdune. Carpobrotus chilensis had the lowest survival to herbivory and the slowest growth. Our data suggest that greater resistance to mammalian herbivory coupled with hybrid vigor for vegetative growth can contribute to the invasive status of hybrids. High susceptibility to browsing and slow growth of C. chilensis at least partially explain its non-aggressive nature in coastal California." (source : auteurs) Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Montserrat V., D'Antonio C.-M., 1998 - Hybrid Vigor for Clonal Growth in Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae) in Coastal California. Ecological Applications, 8 (4) : 1196-1205. ID PMB : 71060 Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=71060 [article]

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Mechanisms Controlling Invasion of Coastal Plant Communities by the Alien Succulent Carpobrotus Edulis / Carla M. D'Antonio in Ecology, vol. 74, n°1 (Année 1993)

Public [article]  inEcology > vol. 74, n°1 (Année 1993) . - pp. 83-95 Titre : Mechanisms Controlling Invasion of Coastal Plant Communities by the Alien Succulent Carpobrotus Edulis Type de document : Livre Auteurs : Carla M. D'Antonio, Auteur Année de publication : 1993 Article en page(s) : pp. 83-95 Langues : Anglais Catégories : [habitats/milieux] 16 - Dunes côtières et plages de sable [Espèces (in biblio)] Carpobrotus edulis Mots-clés : plante exotique envahissante  herbivorie  concurrence  perturbation  germination Résumé : "The South African succulent Carpobrotus edulis has been invading native and non-native plant assemblages in California since its introduction in the early 1900s. This study was designed to determine mechanisms controlling invasion by this species into three different communities: coastal grassland, backdune, and coastal scrub. The communities differed in several factors that influenced invasion by Carpobrotus: soil disturbance, herbivory, and identity of competitors. Disturbances of the soil was required for establishment of Carpobrotus at the grassland site. Soil disturbance did not promote Carpobrotus establishment in the coastal scrub or backdune. Establishment in these sites was restricted by herbivory. The influence of neighboring vegetation on Carpobrotus establishment was site dependent. At the grassland site, Carpobrotus seedling survival was reduced by grasses, and the only surviving seedlings were on gopher mounds. Growth of larger Carpobrotus plants, however, was unaffected by grasses. Proximity to shrubs, the dominant plant type at the backdune and coastal scrub sites, did not affect Carpobrotus seedling survival. It did, however, decrease both root and shoot biomass of seedlings and cuttings. Invasion is expected to occur most rapidly at the grassland site. Although germination and early survival there depend on the occurrence of rodent disturbances, these occur frequently, and seedling recruitment in the grassland was observed during this study. Once established, clonal growth is great and is not affected by herbivory or competition. In contrast, at the coastal growth, intense herbivory prevented successful establishment during this study. Cage experiments suggested that herbivory counteracted the high growth potential of Carpobrotus at this site. At the dune site, even caged plants showed very poor growth. Thus, although seedling recruitment does not occur there, invasion is expected to be slow due to harsh physical conditions that limit both survival and growth. These findings demonstrate strong community differences in the factors governing invasability by Carpobrotus edulis." (source : auteur) Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : D'Antonio C., 1993 - Mechanisms Controlling Invasion of Coastal Plant Communities by the Alien Succulent Carpobrotus Edulis. Ecology, 74 (1) : 83-95. ID PMB : 71062 Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=71062 [article]

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